PsychosisDefinitionPsychosis is a loss of contact with reality, typically including delusions (false ideas about what is taking place or who one is) and hallucinations (seeing or hearing things which aren't there). Alternative Names Psychotic CausesPsychosis is a severe mental condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality. There are numerous potential causes:
Symptoms
Exams and TestsPsychological evaluation and testing are used to diagnosis the cause of the psychosis. Laboratory or radiological testing may not be essential, but sometimes can help pinpoint the exact diagnosis. Tests may include:
TreatmentTreatment varies depending on the cause of the psychosis. Care in a hospital is often needed to ensure the patient's safety. Drugs that diminish auditory hallucinations ("hearing voices") and delusions, and stabilize thinking and behavior (antipsychotic drugs) are helpful. Group or individual therapy can also be useful. Outlook (Prognosis)The expectations for the outcome vary with the specific disorder. Many of the symptoms can be controlled with long-term treatment. Possible ComplicationsPsychosis can prevent a person from functioning normally. During psychotic states, there can be an inability to care for oneself. If the condition is left untreated, there is a possibility of self-harm or harm to others. When to Contact a Medical ProfessionalCall your health care provider or mental health professional if a member of your family exhibits behavior indicating a loss of contact with reality. If there is any concern about safety, as described above, immediately take the person to the nearest emergency room for evaluation. PreventionPrevention depends on the cause. For example, preventing alcohol abuse prevents alcohol-induced psychosis.
Review Date:
5/17/2006 Reviewed By: Paul Ballas, D.O., Department of Psychiatry, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997-
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