Whiplash
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What is Whiplash?Is there any treatment?What is the prognosis?What research is being done?OrganizationsWhat is Whiplash?
Whiplash-a soft tissue injury to the neck-is also called neck sprain or neck strain. It is characterized by a collection of
symptoms that occur following damage to the neck, usually because of sudden extension and flexion. The disorder commonly occurs
as the result of an automobile accident and may include injury to intervertebral joints, discs, and ligaments, cervical muscles,
and nerve roots. Symptoms such as neck pain may be present directly after the injury or may be delayed for several days. In
addition to neck pain, other symptoms may include neck stiffness, injuries to the muscles and ligaments (myofascial injuries),
headache, dizziness, abnormal sensations such as burning or prickling (paresthesias), or shoulder or back pain. In addition,
some people experience cognitive, somatic, or psychological conditions such as memory loss, concentration impairment, nervousness/irritability,
sleep disturbances, fatigue, or depression.
Is there any treatment?
Treatment for individuals with whiplash may include pain medications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants,
muscle relaxants, and a cervical collar (usually worn for 2 to 3 weeks). Range of motion exercises, physical therapy, and
cervical traction may also be prescribed. Supplemental heat application may relieve muscle tension.
What is the prognosis?
Generally, prognosis for individuals with whiplash is good. The neck and head pain clears within a few days or weeks. Most
patients recover within 3 months after the injury, however, some may continue to have residual neck pain and headaches.
What research is being done?
The NINDS conducts and supports research on trauma-related disorders such as whiplash. Much of this research focuses on increasing
scientific understanding of these disorders and finding ways to prevent and treat them.
Select this link
to view a list of studies currently seeking patients.
Organizations
Prepared by:
Office of Communications and Public Liaison
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, MD 20892
NINDS health-related material is provided for information purposes only and does not necessarily represent endorsement by
or an official position of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke or any other Federal agency. Advice
on the treatment or care of an individual patient should be obtained through consultation with a physician who has examined
that patient or is familiar with that patient's medical history.
All NINDS-prepared information is in the public domain and may be freely copied. Credit to the NINDS or the NIH is appreciated.
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Last updated July 20, 2007
