Hi,
Inflamed taste buds are very common. This can be due to an injury from a burn caused by hot, spicy, hard foods, or a self-inflicted bite that can cause local inflammation. The inflammation and bump will usually go away on its own. Cells within the taste bud have a limited life span of approximately ten days to two weeks only. Avoid hot, spicy and acidic foods. Use an analgesic, such acetaminophen or ibuprofen, to relieve pain.Take care and keep us posted.
It does sound like a gum or tooth problem, how about brushing have you irritated the gum with Vigorous brushing ,can you pinpoint anything new you may have done, filing finding anything like that ,go back and ask them to check again.