I had a bone graft done and a temp tooth placed after 4 hours after the procedure. I did not and have any of the symptoms you nare describing, The periodontist knew I would be having a temp tooth in place so she made sure the sutures would not be in the way of the tooth and could easily be removed a week later.
Well made temporaries should not irritate the gums. Poorly made temps will cause lots of problems from soreness, to bleeding, puffiness, redness, etc. This can also be caused by cement being left behind between the tooth and gums. You can go back to your dentist and request them to take an xray to see if any cement was left. Or, get a second opinion.