get dog's adrenal labs checked
I wonder if his vomiting 2 weeks ago could have been a bout of pancreatitis, which hasn't really resolved? I know that pancreatitis, once it strikes, very often recurs.
Can you remember -at all, what he ate just before that vomiting started last time? Did he suddenly have anything unusually greasy or fatty, or steal anything from the trash?
It could also be caused by an infection or virus he picked up, and hasn't quite shaken yet
The loss of his voice after the bout of vomiting could be simply because he strained his throat throwing up.
Anyway, the bloodwork should show up what's going on. I do hope he's on the mend soon.