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About My brother's heart problem

Hi, I'm from the Philippines. My brother has a heart problem. His doctors found out that he has severe aortic insufficiency secondary to aortic-annular ectasia, chronic renal insufficiency secondary to hypertensive nephrosclerosis, hypertension, controlled.. Could you explain further in layman's term? He's still currently under observation. His doctors are somewhat not sure about how will they operate him because they said that this is a very rare heart problem.
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367994 tn?1304953593
Aorto-annular ectasia characteristics are dilation (enlarged) ascending aorta (heart vessel out of the left ventricle [pumping chamber]) and aortic annulus (opening of the aortic valve enlarged) usually caused by severe degenerative changes of the wall of the aorta. Most patients have aortic regurgitation (some blood flows back into the heart and not into circulation with each heartbeat).

Serious problem due to weak aorta wall can lead to rupture of the wall, and aneurysm (bulge) of aorta wall. The aortic regurgitation (back flow of blood) can lead to an enlarged heart as well as the ascending aorta.
A perspective for treatment: "Aortic regurgitation due to annular aortic ectasia was diagnosed in a 29-year-old woman with heart failure. The primary pathology of this disease is cystic medial necrosis of the ascending aorta with aneurysm formation and dilation of the aortic valve annulus. In successful surgical correction, the ascending aorta was replaced by a dacron prosthesis, the aortic valve by a prosthetic disc valve and the coronary arteries were reimplanted into the aortic graft"

Nephrosclerosis is a condition that hardens the kidney vessels and is caused by high blood pressure.  
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