It sounds like the allergies I get. That happens to me all the time. Your throat can get red bumps just from post-nasal drip, which could also give you that feeling of something in your throat and hacking up mucus, and if your sinuses and throat get raw and infected, can cause some blood. Low humidity can exacerbate this, too.
Now, I'm not a doctor, but to take a guess, this is "just" allergies. Allergies can make you pretty miserable, though, and you can eventually end up with a bronchial infection (which it sounds like you are starting to get).
Compared to something like cancer, bronchial infections are easy to treat. Gargle with salt water a couple of times a day, use a humidifier in your room, irrigate your nasal passages (which is different than a nasal *spray*; I'm talking about trying to flush them out, as opposed to "just" moisturizing them, which you probably also need). Mucinex is good because it cuts down on the mucus, which in turn will cut down on the hacking and swelling. They also make it over the counter in a 12 hour release, which I like better than the every four hour pill. Allergy medication will help, too. Obviously, stay hyper-hydrated, and vitamin C and zinc may help too.
If you're developing a bronchial infection, you may need a different run of antibiotics for it. Ask your doctor if s/he thinks you need to be screened for strep, and just FYI, most people need booster immunizations as an adult, so *while you're there* you might ask about those, but it's not like your childhood shots suddenly expire on your eighteenth birthday or something, so don't panic. :)
Again, I'm not a doctor, and I sympathize greatly, but I honestly just think it's allergies.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-nasal_drip
Yes I live in the US. Never done any extensive travel anywhere. I live at home and commute to college.
Last night I had an anxiety attack from worry about this which made my throat seize up and i finally got to sleep (it took hours). All day today my throat felt tense and I tried to consciously try and relax it which helped a little. I saw the doctor today, she didn't seem concerned with my bumps in my throat. I got blood work sent off to test for thyroid issues (have some of those on both sides of the family). She gave me another prescription for flonase which i started tonight and said its probably something viral thats been lasting a while.
I just hope and pray all this is just seasonal allergies getting real bad. This was the coldest winter in a long while for where i live and its just now starting to let up. The main thing that bothers me is my voice sounds a tad different and the lump-in-the-throat feeling and now tense feeling of neck muscles.
Honestly, with the amount of smoking you did, and your age, its highly unlikely that you have throat or lung cancer.
You don't have a location on your profile. Do you live in the US? Have you done any extensive travel outside the US?
Are you living for college in a substantially different place than you normally live?