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BLOOD CONCENTRATIONS VS. DOSAGE: Therapeutic plasma concentration is 1 – 30 ng/mL and the toxic plasma concentration is greater than 100 ng/mL. After oral administration of 10 mg of bitartrate, peak serum concentrations averaged 0.024 mg/L at 1.5 hours. The concentration declined to 0.007 mg/L by 8 hours and the terminal serum half-life was 3.8 hour.
URINE EXCRETION RATE: Hydrocodone is metabolized by O- and N- demethylation and reduction of the 6-keto group. About 26% of a single dose is excreted in a 72 hour urine collection that consists of unchanged drug (12%), norhydrocodone (5%), conjugated hydrocodone (4%), 6-hydrocodol (3%), and conjugated 6-hydromorphol (0.1%).
METABOLITES: Unchanged drug, norhydrocodone, conjugated hydrocodone, 6-hydrocodol, and conjugated 6-hydromorphol.
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