I don't know the answer to your question, I can only say that we have a cat that has Laryngeal Paralysis on one side, and she has done fine in the five years after her diagnosis, but possibly its different for a dog because our cat isn't very active, and never has been. She is twelve now.
Hi Marcus. From my limited understanding of this condition, I think you may be asking an impossible question. Much depends on the individual dog and the underlying cause of the Laryngeal Paralysis (in this case probably age, but could also be an underlying heart condition or a genetic trigger). If the condition is age related, then surgery would almost certainly give a few good healthy years - as long as it is performed by someone very experienced in this specialized field.
The problem is, if there is an underlying cause that continues to put stress on the lungs, it would probably lead to further issues at some stage down the line. That's why I believe you are asking something no one here can truly answer, at least not definitively.
What is much more certain is your dog would almost certainly not be able to take the trip you are planning. It would put her body under an enormous amount of stress and there is a good chance of an emergency occurring during it. In addition, the high altitude would lead to further breathing problems - and I'm sure you know what the likely outcome of that would be. So, I think you are absolutely right to consider the alternatives.
No one here can say what you should do. You know your situation and your dog better than anyone. I'm assuming your trip to Alaska cannot be postponed, to give you more time with your best friend? The second option of letting your mother-in-law care for her is the one I would probably go for, if it were me, perhaps with some added security for her - such as ... if this happens, do this, if that happens, do that ... and I'll take care of the vet bills regardless.
I'm hoping someone more informed might come and help you decide ... but even someone in exactly the same situation and with a dog with the same condition may not have the answer, because every dog is different and so much depends on the nature of the Laryngeal Paralysis.
My thoughts are with you at this difficult time. Tony