Dear Caren123,
Macular pucker may develop after separation of the vitreous from the retina. Sometimes, it may be related to diabetes or eye injuries.
Dr. Feldman
Sandy T. Feldman, M.D., M.S.
ClearView Eye and Laser Medical Center
San Diego, California
Yes, nearsighted people are more likely to develop an ERM. As far as I know, there are no known lifestyle factors. The incidence of idiopathic ERMs (not caused by another condition, such as retinal detachment) is reported to be about 7% of the U.S. population. The effect of an ERM on vision is often minimal. Many people are unaware that they have an ERM until they are informed by their eye doctor.