http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/12/01/miscarriages.heart.risk.health/index.html?hpt=T2
Losing a pregnancy can break a mom-to-be's heart in more ways than one. According to a new study, women who experience a stillbirth or repeated miscarriages have a dramatically increased risk of heart attack later in life.
Compared with women who never had a miscarriage, women who had more than three were about five times more likely to ever suffer a heart attack, the study found. Having just one stillbirth more than tripled the risk of heart attack.
Each miscarriage a woman has increases her risk of heart attack by about 40 percent, according to the study.
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Underlying risk factors for miscarriage or stillbirth -- such as high blood pressure or blood-vessel dysfunction -- may also contribute to heart attacks down the road, the researchers say.
"Many of the medical conditions that predispose to recurrent miscarriage and stillbirth can also predispose towards heart disease," says the lead author of the study, Dr. Elham Kharazmi, a scientist in the division of cancer epidemiology at the German Cancer Research Center, in Heidelberg.
Women who experience repeated pregnancy losses "should be considered a high-risk group for cardiovascular disease," Kharazmi adds. "The known modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease should be controlled in them even when they are young and have no symptoms [of] heart disease."
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The study, which was published in the journal Heart, included about 11,500 German women who had been pregnant at least once. One-quarter of the women had had a miscarriage, and 2 percent had experienced stillbirth. (In the U.S., an estimated 15 percent to 20 percent of all pregnancies end in miscarriage.) Of the women who had a miscarriage, just 2 percent had more than three.
During the 11-year follow-up period, 82 women had heart attacks.
The women who experienced miscarriages or stillbirths tended to be older, heavier, and more sedentary, and they were also more likely than other women to have diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. Those differences can't fully explain the findings, however, because the researchers controlled for all of those factors, as well as smoking and educational attainment.