You heard wrong. A few days maximum. Perhaps you or your source of information is confused with blood tests for syphilis, HIV, herpes, or others.
really? i heard it took 6 weeks for tests for chlamydia to be accurate. You mean that isn't true?
In theory, it might be possible to transmit chlamydia (and gonorrhea, for that matter) by hand-genital contact. But if it happens at all, it is exceedinlgy rare. For the purpose of STD risk, only vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse counts. Kissing, mutual masturbation, body rubbing, etc are not significant risks.
Anyway, you are confusing incubation period with the interval for accurate testing; they are not the same. Incubation period is the gap between catching an infection to onset of symptoms, which is typically 2-10 days for gonorrhea and 7-21 days for chlamydia. However, for both infections, testing probably is accurate within a couple days of exposure. Your negative tests are reliable evidence you weren't infected.
I hope this helps. Best wishes-- HHH, MD