As I suspect you can imagine, there are no studies to help us know precisely how long it takes for azithromycin to kill an active chlamydial infection. You are correct that the drug begins to work very quickly and even if the chlamydia were still present and viable, the bacteria would be weakened (by the partial effect of the antibiotic) and therefore less likely to be transmitted.
In your case, odds that you transmitted infection are rather low. I say this because:
1. You do not mention testing, just symptoms. If you were not tested, perhaps you had chlamydia but it is also likely that you did not.
2. If you had chlamydia, your risk of transmission to a sexual partner is about 40% per exposure, if the chlamydia is "healthy"
3. In your case, as mentioned above, if chlamydia were present, it would not have been healthy and therefore less effectively transmitted.
Having just said all of this, as you point out, having sex 24 hours after treatment like this, particularly without testing was a rather boneheaded thing to do. The best thing you could do is disclose to your partner that you may have had an STD so that she can be tested. To do otherwise jeopardizes her health. EWH
Sorry, I cannot tell you what caused the change in your ejaculate that you noted. This is not a describe response to chlamydial therapy and certainly did not represent clearance of dead bacteria from your body. Sorry I don't have an explanation. EWH
Thank you for the quick response! It was a total bonehead move! I knew better. I am of course going to inform the partner at risk!
I do have one more question...About 1-2 days after I received the emperic thearpy my ejaculate had changed texture to a thicker white, almost as if powder had been suspended in my semen. Could this be dead bacteria being expelled and would GC/Chlam change the texture of my semen not in the presence of any other forms of discharge?
Thanks again for your help it is very much appreciated!