You could have had an allergic reaction to the condom. Or, if you were lubricated enough before penetration that could have made you very sore. You should keep a close watch as to what the vagina likes and doesn't. If it doesn't go away, you should see your doc again. They can rule out any other possibilities and may even give you a steroid cream for the area.
Okay a day later the itchyness is worse and there is now a thick white discharge with a minimal smell! Is this thrush? As an std would not show in a matter of 24 hours!
Hi
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It could be due to rough sex, allergy to condom or due to STD. Apply ice pack and see if it helps. If not, consult a gynecologist. Take care!