They can set him up to do an endoscopy. There they will place a scope down his throat and look for irritation, ulcers, or anything else that is causing his condition..
Honestly, he should see a doctor if he has been coughing that long, especially with blood in his sputum. There are a number of things that could be the problem but without a proper examination and tests, there is no way to even speculate what specifically is wrong with him.
Sunny