Hi!
Generally, using hydrogen peroxide is the safest way to induce vomiting, i it's done immediately ater ingestion of the toxic substance. However, at this point I hope you took your dog to your vet or ER vet. Please let us know how your dog is!
Vomiting will not help with suboxone since it's absorbed through the mucus membranes of the mouth. 1 mg is a HUGE dose for a 10 lb dog, and a dam big dose for an opiate-naive human. Call your regular vet clinic. There should be an outgoing message instructing you what to do in an emergency. THIS IS AN EMERGENCY so please do it now!
Yes an emergency where charcoal may have to be used. I'm sorry you went htrough this. I hope the dog is ok.
But for non emergencies yes hydrogen peroxide. Our @#$# border collie had to have ti done twice for eating grapes and avacado.