Unless your casual partner is at high risk for HIV (injection drug user, regular partner of an IDU or gay/bi man, immigrant from a country with high rates of HIV/AIDS), then HIV is not a meaningful risk. Statistically, the chance of other STDs (chlamydia, etc) is much higher, but assuming your urine tests included chlamydia and gonorrhea, you can be sure those are not a problem--and statistically, they were the greatest risk. However, that depends to a giant degree on your casual partner's sexual lifestyle, which you say nothing about. If she is an old friend without a particularly adventurous sex life, it's very different than if she is, say, someone you met in a bar and had sex with the same night.
Useful HIV testing can be done any time ~4 weeks after the event. Syphilis requires 6 weeks and herpes 3-4 months. However, the risk of either of those, in the absence of symptoms (genital sores), is low -- but again, that depends a lot on your casual partner's sexual lifestyle.
But of course I make no guarantees that someone isn't infected. For further reassurance, you could visit your local health department STD clinic.
Good luck-- HHH, MD
Thank you for the quick answer!
What kind of time frame would the symptoms of Syphilis / Herpes show up on me? What are the symptoms besides sores?
I am unsure to her past. She is married, has a small child (3-4 years old) has a professional office job, is caucasian, but sounds like I may not have been her first out of marriage fling.
I am trying to get her to take the tests. If she comes back negative on all accounts at ~4 weeks would that be almost fullproof?
Herpes symptoms generally show up within a week, sometimes as long as 3 weeks; syphilis 2-4 weeks after exposure.
Sounds like a low risk partner from an STD standpoint. If she says she is confident she isn't infected, I suggest you take that at face value and not press her to be tested on account of your anxieties.