What is causing my stuttering?

[JonHein]

Hello everyone,

I'm 42 years old, and I've been stuttering for as long as I can remember. It's hard to compare myself with other people who stutter since I know very few, but I would consider myself a mild (on my good days) to high (on my bad days) type of stutterer. My fluency comes and goes, and it's beyond frustrating.

According to a study I read titled 'A review of brain circuitries involved in stuttering' posted in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4233907/), there's a section that caught my attention, which talks about the dopamine excess hypothesis. I looked up the symptoms of high dopamine, and while I don't experience all of the symptoms, there's a few that I definitely do experience like: agitation, anxiety, insomnia, stress, etc.

What would be the most effective supplement to lower these excess dopamine levels? I'm currently taking 5-HTP, which hasn't helped much, and I've tried taking nootropics like piracetam and noopept on their own without seeing any improvement. Unfortunately, I don't have any medical insurance, so prescription medication is not an option at this time. I would greatly appreciate any advice.

Thanks