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HIV transmission risk - immediate precautions?

I have two questions that I would appreciate help with, if at all possible:

1.)If someone has unprotected sex and knows that they could be at risk of HIV or other STD's, are there any quick precautions they can take immediately to minimize the risk of infection?

2.) How long after the encounter should a person wait to get tested for STDs to ensure they are (or are not) infected?

3.) What are the chances that the HIV/AIDs virus will infect a male if the female is a carrier and both engage in unprotected sex?  For example, is it pretty much guaranteed that the male will be infected or is there a chance the virus won't be passed on?

I really appreciate your responses, thanks.
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Contact your STD clinic for their testing protocal.
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thanks all.  I'll wait a few weeks to get tested.  Do other stds show up earlier or should I wait several weeks to test for those as well?
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with hiv its extremely easy to imagine you have symptoms associated with the disease. i have had two protected encounters recently and for some reason can shake the feeling i was at risk! flu-like symptoms wouldnt usually show that soon after exposure. also, dont search the mainstream internet for advice on symptoms etc. it will pretty much tell you that you have every disease possible lol!
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Thanks nufc, I hope I'm just paranoid.
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1. None for STDs. Possibly PEP for HIV.
2. STDs have varied incubation periods.
3. Only an HIV test will tell. It is harder to contract HIV from a female but it does happen.
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I forgot to mention that I have flu-like symtoms just 2 days after the encounter, what are the chances that this is the seroconversion illness I've read about?
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Avatar universal
1) if you have had unprotected sex, there is nothing you can really do following the incident.

2) 3 months is usually the time when a test is 100% guaranteed

3) if it was one unprotected encounter, the chances are fairly low, i have read on these forums it can be approximately a 1 in 1000 chance of contracting hiv, so a fairly low risk
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