Dear Sir, what are the tests required for Liver functions,Kidney functions and renal functions
for Instance liver functions tests only AST (SGOT)and ALT(SGPT) are required or all tests likeBilirubin(total)and Bilirubin(Direct+Indirect) are required
Liver function tests check the levels of certain enzymes and proteins in your blood. Higher or lower than normal levels can indicate liver problems. Some common liver function tests include:
Alanine transaminase (ALT). An enzyme found mainly in liver cells, ALT helps your body metabolize protein. Normally, ALT levels in the blood are low. When the liver is damaged, ALT is released in the bloodstream and levels increase.
Aspartate transaminase (AST). The enzyme AST plays a role in the metabolism of alanine, an amino acid. AST is found in high concentrations in liver cells. An increase in AST levels may indicate liver damage or disease.
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). ALP is an enzyme in the liver and bile ducts, as well as some other tissues. Higher than normal levels of ALP may indicate liver damage or disease.
Albumin and total protein. Levels of albumin — a protein made by the liver — and total protein show how well your liver is making proteins that your body needs to fight infections and perform other functions. Lower than normal levels may indicate liver damage or disease.
Bilirubin. Bilirubin results from the breakdown of red blood cells. Normally, bilirubin passes through the liver and is excreted in your stool. Elevated levels of bilirubin (jaundice) may indicate liver damage or disease.
Additional tests that may be used to evaluate liver function include:
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). This test measures the amount of the enzyme GGT in the blood. Higher than normal levels may indicate liver or bile duct damage.
L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). LDH is an enzyme found in many body tissues, including the liver. Elevated levels of LDH may indicate liver damage.
Prothrombin time (PT). This test measures the clotting time of plasma. Increased PT may indicate liver damage.
Kidney function tests are common procedures used to evaluate kidney (renal) function. Refer to the following documents for details of how each test is performed:
BUN
Creatinine - blood
Creatinine clearance
Creatinine - urine
Alanine transaminase (ALT). An enzyme found mainly in liver cells, ALT helps your body metabolize protein. Normally, ALT levels in the blood are low. When the liver is damaged, ALT is released in the bloodstream and levels increase.
Aspartate transaminase (AST). The enzyme AST plays a role in the metabolism of alanine, an amino acid. AST is found in high concentrations in liver cells. An increase in AST levels may indicate liver damage or disease.
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). ALP is an enzyme in the liver and bile ducts, as well as some other tissues. Higher than normal levels of ALP may indicate liver damage or disease.
Albumin and total protein. Levels of albumin — a protein made by the liver — and total protein show how well your liver is making proteins that your body needs to fight infections and perform other functions. Lower than normal levels may indicate liver damage or disease.
Bilirubin. Bilirubin results from the breakdown of red blood cells. Normally, bilirubin passes through the liver and is excreted in your stool. Elevated levels of bilirubin (jaundice) may indicate liver damage or disease.
Additional tests that may be used to evaluate liver function include:
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). This test measures the amount of the enzyme GGT in the blood. Higher than normal levels may indicate liver or bile duct damage.
L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). LDH is an enzyme found in many body tissues, including the liver. Elevated levels of LDH may indicate liver damage.
Prothrombin time (PT). This test measures the clotting time of plasma. Increased PT may indicate liver damage.
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/liver-function-tests/MY00093/DSECTION=why-its-done
Definition of Kidney function tests:
Kidney function tests are common procedures used to evaluate kidney (renal) function. Refer to the following documents for details of how each test is performed:
BUN
Creatinine - blood
Creatinine clearance
Creatinine - urine
http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/003435.htm