There's no such thing as reliable symptoms - some people get symptoms, others get nothing, and no, they would not necessarily show up within a year. ARS would happen around 2 weeks post-exposure, but not everyone gets ARS or any symptoms. Further symptoms would likely occur with an untreated HIV infection as it progresses to compromise the immune system. This can take years.
In any case, you did not have a risk for HIV, so if you have "symptoms," they aren't related to HIV.