hbv is not Cytopathic, but some mutants selected by nucs are hence USE OF LAMIVUDINE, ADVEFOVIR and TELBIVUDINE IS "CRIMINAL"!

[stef2011]

said in easy words, less potent nucs make hbv monsters mutants that damages our cells directly when infected........
although low genetic-barrier NAs may decrease viral load and increase survival in the short term, we predict that there may be long term detrimental effects in patients who have selected these variants. Supporting data comes from a recent study(Hosaka et al. 2010. Hep Res) where the rtM204I variant, which can cause sW196*, was shown to be a significant risk factor for the development of HCC, whilst the rtM204V variant, which does not result in truncated HBsAg, was not.

hence USE OF LAMIVUDINE,  ADVEFOVIR and TELBIVUDINE IS "CRIMINAL"!


Directly Cytopathic Drug-Resistant HBV Variants
N. Warner1; S. Soppe1; D. Colledge1; L. Selleck1; S. A. Locarnini1
1. VIDRL, North Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Background: Treatments for CHB include antiviral nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NAs) which target the virus by inhibiting reverse transcription. NA resistance is widespread, characterised by point mutations in the overlapping polymerase/envelope genes which encode amino acid changes in the reverse transcriptase domains of the HBV polymerase, and can encode two types of changes in the surface proteins; 1) stop codons at the C-terminal end of the surface proteins, and 2) amino acid changes that do not truncate the surface proteins. In this study we examined the pathogenicity of these variants in vitro.
Methods: Huh7, HepG2 and PH5CH8 cells were transfected with genotype D HBV infectious clones or surface protein expression constructs encoding 1) surface stop codons rtM204I/sW196*, rtA181T/sW172*, rtV191I/sW182, or 2) full-length surface proteins rtA181T/s172L, rtA181V/sW173F, rtM204I/sW196S, rtM204V/sI195M. HBsAg expression and secretion were measured by Western blotting and quantitative serology. Proliferation, apoptosis, and intracellular HBsAg levels of transfected Huh7 cells were measured using flow cytometry up to 5 days in culture.
Results: HBV variants encoding surface stop codons were completely defective in HBsAg secretion, which could be partially rescued by co-expression with wt HBV. HBV encoding full-length surface proteins were secreted from the cell with varying efficiency. Flow cytometry was used to show that the truncated surface proteins accumulated to high levels intracellularly. Cells transfected with these stop codon variants had low levels of proliferation and high levels of apoptosis. The most cytopathic variant was rtM204I/sW196*, followed by rtV191I/sW182* and rtA181T/sW172*. This cytopathic effect was shown to be directly due to expression of the truncated surface proteins. HBV encoding full-length surface proteins had wt levels of apoptosis, proliferation and intracellular accumulation.
Conclusions: HBV surface stop codon variants selected during NA therapy accumulate inside, and are directly cytopathic to the host cell, causing apoptosis. Apoptosis and chronic liver injury are strongly associated with disease progression and the development of HCC. Hence, although low genetic-barrier NAs may decrease viral load and increase survival in the short term, we predict that there may be long term detrimental effects in patients who have selected these variants. Supporting data comes from a recent study(Hosaka et al. 2010. Hep Res) where the rtM204I variant, which can cause sW196*, was shown to be a significant risk factor for the development of HCC, whilst the rtM204V variant, which does not result in truncated HBsAg, was not.

[stef2011]

if you make hbv resistance test 1mg is not needed we still dont know if etv can make lung cancer on long term use, i d definitely stay 0.5mg

the difference between 0,5mg or 1mg is very very little in potency

gcmaf is an albumin protein present in the blood of healthy people and it mainly activates immune system (but it has many other roles too), people with cancer and cronic diseases of any kind (both viral, bacterial and unknown reason) have low gcmaf and immune system non response or immune suppression all research can be found on gcmaf.eu or gcmaf.nl

[Babylove0728]

My doctor prescribed 1 mg although what I have been reading is 0.5 mg for naive-treated patients. I thought "naive" here meant patients taking anti viral for the first time.

I have an appt with her on Nov 22 and will ask her more and I know she will not like it that I havent started yet my anti viral meds. It is just so many concerns, issues and questions. It is just so hard to start, because once you start there is no turning back. Stopping it will make more viral replications. I am also waiting for an answer from another doctor his opinion on the dosages

I'm sorry but what is gcmaf?
Thanks.

[stef2011]

gcmaf and osteoporosis

http://www.medhelp.org/posts/Hepatitis-B/for-april9903-or-others--gcmaf-cures-osteoporosis--Asthma-and-autism/show/1591497

gcmaf.eu
research and trials on gcmaf

i'd make resistance test before using entecavir, lam mutations make resistnce on entecavir.as to dose 0.5mg is better because this drug had lung cancer on mices during studies but no cancer on monkeys, so better stay on the low dose, 1mg dose has little more potency

[Babylove0728]

Thank you for your recommendation of getting fibroscan. Stef has recommended that too. But I think regardless of its results, I am leaning now to starting with treatment that my doctor has recommended doing since the start of this year and I have kept holding off due to side effects I have been reading.

However, I talked to my general med doctor and she explained to me very well that these anti viral meds were FDA approved because they believe that the benefits outweigh the side effects. And another one said, what would one rather have: liver cirrhosis that can lead to liver cancer or low bone density or kidney problems. As what Stef has recommended, one can take Calcium and Vit D3 for bones and Fibroguard. Besides,kidney functions will be monitored closely while on these meds. And I read too that dosage can be changed if some results on kidney functions change.

[Babylove0728]

Thanks as usual Stef for your generous knowledge on HBV and everything surrounding it.

I am leaning towards entecavir for now because of my osteopenia issue. My sister said there is no cure for it. ANd the Caltrate and Vit D3 I am taking will prevent it from going to osteoporosis.

May I know the best recommended dosage for entecavir for someone who will be on anti viral for the first time? How much are you taking?

[stef2011]

What normally are the symptoms of cirrhotic liver? Do you feel like always bloated and having liver pain?

there are no symptoms or abnormal blood tests, only when you are about to dye all tests get abnormal.you can detect it only by fibroscan, US can detect only when too advanced with liver nodules becoming visible.it is now regressed with no fibrosis detactable by fibroscan

It was nice to hear that you were undetectable at 7-8 months. How old are you if you dont mind? It could be the age too. I read somewhere that it takes 96 weeks to reach undetectable level with ent and 48 weeks with tnf.

it depends on hbv quasispieces (the mutations of the virus you have), ultra deep sequence studies in italy confirmed this, and also confirmed that if quasispieces slow or stop while antivirals hbsag gets negative

Do you think the virus had done damage to my liver in that span of one year? And I should not keep waiting anymore?

damage doenst depend directly on virus, it is a balance of liver regeneration, your antioxidant defence, your immune system activity...too many parameters involved so there is no time to have damage, the only good thing is monitoring by fibroscan and taking as much antioxidants as possible but all extracted from natural sources, the synthetic ones made in labs are useless

When you send your blood samples to India, who would draw your blood for you? It seems hard.

well i ahve the tests done here initaly.you just get a lab to make it and ship it to india or get a nurse or doctor to draw the blood and prepare it to ship by fedex.labs know how to do it because they ship samples for special tests, if they are not stupid they should help

Have you any idea about that traditional meds?
that s spam or a coincidence, we would be all clear of hbv if a traditional medicine was wroking on hbv

those antioxidants in the fibroguard you suggested are herbals, dont you think so?
spieces mainly....cucurmin, pomegranate, reservatrol from grape, green tea, lycopene and so on.i think the doses and extraction process is the most important thing and this is made by researcher not just a commercial thing

So you think fibroguard will help better than the milk thistle I have been taking for more than 10 years now.
just google hepatitistechnologies, the full pack has also milk thistle and vitamins, they are all usefull

It looks like you said antiviral treatment is more effective if your body has correct amount of Vit D3

it is all your general helath to benefit, but it is very strange you feel something from 1000iu d3, i dont think that is the reason or maybe the product is not good, in 1hr sun you make 20000iu or more of d3 so it can t be it