I am not doctor but I would suggest maybe a torn ligament. I would make an appointment to see an orthopedic hand doctor and get an mri done, maybe even an arthrogram.
Till then I would wear a splint and use a nsaid
I wouldn't worry about farther testing. But you might feel some paint in your hand for months and even years, until everything will heal 100% if you leave it as it is.
You need warm water treatment, massages and exercises for your hand and you need to start it now if you want it to heal nicely. Physical therapy can help you by educating you but you will need to do it daily yourself for faster recovery and healing.
I know because I play soccer and often in goal. I had it all, broken fingers, sprained wrists, sprained thumb, etc.