You should be fine. I clean (including mopping) and my back hurts all the time it's just from being bent over for such a period of time. It's pretty normal for that to happen while cleaning.
I always wear a hospital mask when I clean just to be cautious. I think the pain you're having is just from putting to much work into cleaning & making your body tired
I was wondering the same thing I sweep mop and vacuum including all other house chores once a day and when I'm done I hurt so I lay with my feet up it helps a little sometimes when I'm out in the garden to