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Muslim Statistics (Slavery)
http://wikiislam.net/wiki/Muslim_Statistics_-_Slavery
"Historical
A comparison of the Islamic slave trade to the American slave trade reveals some interesting contrasts. While two out of every three slaves shipped across the Atlantic were men, the proportions were reversed in the Islamic slave trade. Two women for every man were enslaved by the Muslims.
While the mortality rate for slaves being transported across the Atlantic was as high as 10%, the percentage of slaves dying in transit in the Trans Sahara and East African slave trade was between 80 and 90%!
While almost all the slaves shipped across the Atlantic were for agricultural work, most of the slaves destined for the Muslim Middle East were for sexual exploitation as concubines, in harems, and for military service.
While many children were born to slaves in the Americas, and millions of their descendants are citizens in Brazil and the USA to this day, very few descendants of the slaves that ended up in the Middle East survive.
While most slaves who went to the Americas could marry and have families, most of the male slaves destined for the Middle East were castrated, and most of the children born to the women were killed at birth.
It is estimated that possibly as many as 11 million Africans were transported across the Atlantic (95% of which went to South and Central America, mainly to Portuguese, Spanish and French possessions. Only 5% of the slaves went to the United States).
However, at least 28 million Africans were enslaved in the Muslim Middle East. As at least 80% of those captured by Muslim slave traders were calculated to have died before reaching the slave markets, it is believed that the death toll from the 14 centuries of Muslim slave raids into Africa could have been over 112 million. When added to the number of those sold in the slave markets, the total number of African victims of the Trans Saharan and East African slave trade could be significantly higher than 140 million people.
. . .
Historian Robert Davis in his book "Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters - White Slavery In the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast and Italy", estimates that North African Muslim pirates abducted and enslaved more than 1 million Europeans between 1530 and 1780. These white Christians were seized in a series of raids which depopulated coastal towns from Sicily to Cornwall. Thousands of white Christians in coastal areas were seized every year to work as galley slaves, labourers and concubines for Muslim slave masters in what is today Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria and Libya. Villages and towns on the coast of Italy, Spain, Portugal and France were the hardest hit, but the Muslim slave raiders also seized people as far afield as Britain, Ireland and Iceland. They even captured 130 American seamen from ships they boarded in the Atlantic between 1785 and 1793.
According to one report, 7000 English people were abducted between 1622 to 1644, many of them ship crews and passengers. But the Corsairs also landed on unguarded beaches, often at night, to snatch the unwary. Almost all the inhabitants of the village of Baltimore, in Ireland, were captured in 1631, and there were other raids in Devon and Cornwall. Many of these white, Christian slaves were put to work in quarries, building sites and galleys and endured malnutrition, disease and mistreatment at the hands of their Muslim slave masters. Many of them were used for public works such as building harbours.
Female captives were sexually abused in palace harems and others were held as hostages and bargained for ransom. "The most unlucky ended up stuck and forgotten out in the desert, in some sleepy town such as Suez, or in Turkish Sultanate galleys, where some slaves rowed for decades without ever setting foot on shore." Professor Davis estimates that up to 1,25 million Europeans were enslaved by Muslim slave raiders between 1500 to 1800. [1]
[The Mediterranean slavery of the 16th and 17th centuries] was not race slavery, but nor was it indiscriminate. It was religious slavery. The human beings kidnapped and sold by the Barbary pirates were fair game because they were Christian. A Christian slave on the Barbary Coast could attain his freedom by converting to Islam, and many did so.
. . .
One of the most impressive parts of Prof. Davis’s book is his computation of the numbers of Europeans enslaved by these Muslim raiders. Combing through the historical sources, he concludes that there were about 35,000 enslaved Christians on the Barbary Coast at any one time. He then sets about estimating attrition rates. Slave numbers declined through four causes: death, escape, redemption (i.e. by ransom), and conversion to Islam. Davis gets annual rates from these causes of 17 percent, 1 percent, 2-3 percent, and 4 percent, respectively. This implies a total number of slaves, from the early 1500s to the late 1700s, of one to one and a quarter million. This is an astonishing number, implying that well into the 17th century, the Mediterranean slave trade was out-producing the Atlantic one. Numbers fell off thereafter, while the transatlantic trade increased; but in its time, the enslavement of European Christians by Muslim North Africans was the main kind of enslavement going on in the world.[2]
The result, then, is that between 1530 and 1780 there were almost certainly a million and quite possibly as many as a million and a quarter white, European Christians enslaved by the Muslims of the Barbary Coast.
. . .
In fact, even a tentative slave count in Barbary inevitably begs a host of new questions. To begin with, the estimates arrived at here make it clear that for most of the first two centuries of the modern era, nearly as many Europeans were taken forcibly to Barbary and worked or sold as slaves as were West Africans hauled off to labor on plantations in the Americas. In the sixteenth century especially, during which time the Atlantic slave runners still averaged only around 3,200 Africans annually, the corsairs of Algiers – and later Tunis and Tripoli – were regularly snatching that many or more white captives on a single raiding voyage to Sicily, the Balearics, or Valencia.[3]
Modern Day
Afghanistan
Thousands of Afghan girls and boys are trafficked into neighboring countries and sold into slavery each year. Though it is taboo, prostitution is alive and thriving - at the cost of those forced to work in it.[4]
October 2012
Egypt
Egypt has come in second place in the trading of women, according to Azza Soliman, the national coordinator of fighting female human trafficking and trade.
Soliman said that Egypt has turned from a transit country to a “residence country” for the women
. . .
Experts say the number of women trafficked into neighboring countries is on the rise as wealthy Arabs take advantage of difficult economic situations, marry young girls with the intent to use them in the sex trade.
Makram Ouda, executive director of the Jordanian Women Union said that they have found 70 Egyptian women who were trafficked into Jordan and kept there as part of the sex trade network after their husbands “bought” them from their parents.
And while the marriage contracts are legitimate, these new brides find themselves working either as beggars or as sex workers.[5]
October 2012
Indonesia
data from End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography and the Trafficking of Children (Ecpat) show up to 70,000 children in Indonesia may have fallen victim to sexual exploitation.
. . .
The group says the majority of victims are from West, Central and East Java, West Kalimantan and North Sumatra. In many cases, the children are promised work as domestic workers but end up in prostitution dens.
More than 3,900 children here have fallen victim to human trafficking in the first half of the year, according to the International Organization for Migration. The country tops the UN body’s list of child trafficking cases.[6]"
Continued...
"Historical
A comparison of the Islamic slave trade to the American slave trade reveals some interesting contrasts. While two out of every three slaves shipped across the Atlantic were men, the proportions were reversed in the Islamic slave trade. Two women for every man were enslaved by the Muslims.
While the mortality rate for slaves being transported across the Atlantic was as high as 10%, the percentage of slaves dying in transit in the Trans Sahara and East African slave trade was between 80 and 90%!
While almost all the slaves shipped across the Atlantic were for agricultural work, most of the slaves destined for the Muslim Middle East were for sexual exploitation as concubines, in harems, and for military service.
While many children were born to slaves in the Americas, and millions of their descendants are citizens in Brazil and the USA to this day, very few descendants of the slaves that ended up in the Middle East survive.
While most slaves who went to the Americas could marry and have families, most of the male slaves destined for the Middle East were castrated, and most of the children born to the women were killed at birth.
It is estimated that possibly as many as 11 million Africans were transported across the Atlantic (95% of which went to South and Central America, mainly to Portuguese, Spanish and French possessions. Only 5% of the slaves went to the United States).
However, at least 28 million Africans were enslaved in the Muslim Middle East. As at least 80% of those captured by Muslim slave traders were calculated to have died before reaching the slave markets, it is believed that the death toll from the 14 centuries of Muslim slave raids into Africa could have been over 112 million. When added to the number of those sold in the slave markets, the total number of African victims of the Trans Saharan and East African slave trade could be significantly higher than 140 million people.
. . .
Historian Robert Davis in his book "Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters - White Slavery In the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast and Italy", estimates that North African Muslim pirates abducted and enslaved more than 1 million Europeans between 1530 and 1780. These white Christians were seized in a series of raids which depopulated coastal towns from Sicily to Cornwall. Thousands of white Christians in coastal areas were seized every year to work as galley slaves, labourers and concubines for Muslim slave masters in what is today Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria and Libya. Villages and towns on the coast of Italy, Spain, Portugal and France were the hardest hit, but the Muslim slave raiders also seized people as far afield as Britain, Ireland and Iceland. They even captured 130 American seamen from ships they boarded in the Atlantic between 1785 and 1793.
According to one report, 7000 English people were abducted between 1622 to 1644, many of them ship crews and passengers. But the Corsairs also landed on unguarded beaches, often at night, to snatch the unwary. Almost all the inhabitants of the village of Baltimore, in Ireland, were captured in 1631, and there were other raids in Devon and Cornwall. Many of these white, Christian slaves were put to work in quarries, building sites and galleys and endured malnutrition, disease and mistreatment at the hands of their Muslim slave masters. Many of them were used for public works such as building harbours.
Female captives were sexually abused in palace harems and others were held as hostages and bargained for ransom. "The most unlucky ended up stuck and forgotten out in the desert, in some sleepy town such as Suez, or in Turkish Sultanate galleys, where some slaves rowed for decades without ever setting foot on shore." Professor Davis estimates that up to 1,25 million Europeans were enslaved by Muslim slave raiders between 1500 to 1800. [1]
[The Mediterranean slavery of the 16th and 17th centuries] was not race slavery, but nor was it indiscriminate. It was religious slavery. The human beings kidnapped and sold by the Barbary pirates were fair game because they were Christian. A Christian slave on the Barbary Coast could attain his freedom by converting to Islam, and many did so.
. . .
One of the most impressive parts of Prof. Davis’s book is his computation of the numbers of Europeans enslaved by these Muslim raiders. Combing through the historical sources, he concludes that there were about 35,000 enslaved Christians on the Barbary Coast at any one time. He then sets about estimating attrition rates. Slave numbers declined through four causes: death, escape, redemption (i.e. by ransom), and conversion to Islam. Davis gets annual rates from these causes of 17 percent, 1 percent, 2-3 percent, and 4 percent, respectively. This implies a total number of slaves, from the early 1500s to the late 1700s, of one to one and a quarter million. This is an astonishing number, implying that well into the 17th century, the Mediterranean slave trade was out-producing the Atlantic one. Numbers fell off thereafter, while the transatlantic trade increased; but in its time, the enslavement of European Christians by Muslim North Africans was the main kind of enslavement going on in the world.[2]
The result, then, is that between 1530 and 1780 there were almost certainly a million and quite possibly as many as a million and a quarter white, European Christians enslaved by the Muslims of the Barbary Coast.
. . .
In fact, even a tentative slave count in Barbary inevitably begs a host of new questions. To begin with, the estimates arrived at here make it clear that for most of the first two centuries of the modern era, nearly as many Europeans were taken forcibly to Barbary and worked or sold as slaves as were West Africans hauled off to labor on plantations in the Americas. In the sixteenth century especially, during which time the Atlantic slave runners still averaged only around 3,200 Africans annually, the corsairs of Algiers – and later Tunis and Tripoli – were regularly snatching that many or more white captives on a single raiding voyage to Sicily, the Balearics, or Valencia.[3]
Modern Day
Afghanistan
Thousands of Afghan girls and boys are trafficked into neighboring countries and sold into slavery each year. Though it is taboo, prostitution is alive and thriving - at the cost of those forced to work in it.[4]
October 2012
Egypt
Egypt has come in second place in the trading of women, according to Azza Soliman, the national coordinator of fighting female human trafficking and trade.
Soliman said that Egypt has turned from a transit country to a “residence country” for the women
. . .
Experts say the number of women trafficked into neighboring countries is on the rise as wealthy Arabs take advantage of difficult economic situations, marry young girls with the intent to use them in the sex trade.
Makram Ouda, executive director of the Jordanian Women Union said that they have found 70 Egyptian women who were trafficked into Jordan and kept there as part of the sex trade network after their husbands “bought” them from their parents.
And while the marriage contracts are legitimate, these new brides find themselves working either as beggars or as sex workers.[5]
October 2012
Indonesia
data from End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography and the Trafficking of Children (Ecpat) show up to 70,000 children in Indonesia may have fallen victim to sexual exploitation.
. . .
The group says the majority of victims are from West, Central and East Java, West Kalimantan and North Sumatra. In many cases, the children are promised work as domestic workers but end up in prostitution dens.
More than 3,900 children here have fallen victim to human trafficking in the first half of the year, according to the International Organization for Migration. The country tops the UN body’s list of child trafficking cases.[6]"
Continued...
Continued:
"November 2011
Mauritania
Officially, slavery has long been abolished in Mauritania, but the law has never been enforced and there are an estimated 600,000 slaves, almost one in five of the country's 3.2 million people, almost 150 years since the American civil war.
Change will come too late to heal Mrs Sayed's ruined life. But she knows that victory for Mr Boulkheir could transform the future for the daughter and grandchildren whom she had to leave behind in captivity when she finally summoned the courage to escape.
A black African of Mauritania's Haratine caste, she was born into slavery about 40 years ago - she is illiterate and has only a hazy idea of time - and grew up as the property of an Arabic-speaking Berber family, in an oasis town deep in the desert.
While her master's children went to school, she was cooking, cleaning and washing from dawn to dusk. She slept on the floor, and suffered beatings.
. . .
Slave-holding has been abolished three times, first by the country's former French overlords and then twice by different rulers of the independent state, most recently in 2007. But the law has never been enforced and no slave owner has ever been prosecuted.
. . .
Centuries of indoctrination have persuaded the Sahara's captives that slavery is religiously ordained - slaves are taught that if they run away they will be barred from heaven. As a local saying puts it: "Paradise is under your master's foot." In some remote places a runaway will still be hunted down by nomad masters.
. . .
A Berber driver, who would only give his first name, Mohammed, defended slavery. "It is our religion and custom," he said.
"Why does the international community try to stop it? The slaves are better off with their masters. This is their fate. When they leave, they starve."[7]
July 2009
Pakistan
Officials at the U.S. embassy in Islamabad say at least three landlords have held as many as 170 bonded farmworkers at gunpoint on their estates in the country's southeast Sindh province since late September.
. . .
The crisis began after the workers' advocates successfully petitioned three district courts to declare as illegal the debts that the landlords were using to compel the workers into indentured servitude. Those debts average around 1,000 Pakistani rupees — roughly $12. The hostages, a third of whom are children, some as young as 4 months old, are landless peasants, known as haari in Urdu. According to Ghulam Hyder, a spokesman for Pakistan's Green Rural Development Organization, the landlords have killed one hostage already and are threatening to kill the others unless they drop the cases and return to work.
. . .
A 2004 study by the International Labour Office (ILO) estimated that there are up to a million haari families in Sindh alone, the majority living in conditions of debt bondage, which the U.N. defines as modern-day slavery. Last fall, Pakistan's Daily Times newspaper quoted the labor minister of neighboring Punjab province as saying that landlords hold millions of forced laborers in "private prisons" across the country.
While the nation's 1992 Bonded Labour System Act mandates five-year sentences for violators, Pakistani officials have yet to record a single conviction. "The police are turning a blind eye on the issue," says Hyder[8]
October 2009
Child labour: According to a study by SPARC, most of the child domestic workers in Pakistan are aged between 10-15 years (sometimes five years old children are also employed). In the absence of official statistics, it is impossible to assess the magnitude of bonded labour, but it is estimated that 1.7 million people are engaged in bonded labour in Pakistan.[9]
September 2012
Saudi Arabia
Children between five and 12 years old are sold to wealthy men in Saudi Arabia, where they are held as sex slaves. When they reach maturity, and many are thrown on the street and they end quickly as a prostitute.
Save the Children appeal to the Norwegian and Swedish ministers take up the issue with their Saudi counterparts, and asks private companies to take up the exploitation of children when they hit their business.
- I am not surprised by the information about the existence of such traffic to Saudi Arabia and other countries in the region, particularly in light of [the fact] that marriage with children is widespread and accepted, “said Sannah Johnson, regional director of the Middle East for the Swedish Save the Children.
A well-organized network of traffickers supplying the Arab market with child brides from the North African country of Mauritania, says U.S. diplomats. Retrieved as sex slaves in their thousands from Yemen, in addition to that there is an extensive sex industry in Yemen offering sex with minors to rich men from the Gulf states, the Wikileaks documents and Aftenposten Bergens Tidende has access to.[10]
May 2011
Sudan
"The classification of the conflict as a "holy war" -- a jihad against the Christian South and its allies in the Nuba Mountains - legitimized in the eyes of many Northern Muslims the revival of the centuries-old practice of taking slaves as war booty."
In slave raids on Southern villages, conducted by government-backed Arab militias known as murahaleen, estimated hundreds of thousands of blacks, mostly women and children, were captured, transported to the North and enslaved.
Since 1995, AASG's partner, Christian Solidarity International (CSI), has been working to free Sudan's slaves. The organization provides funds to the indigenous network of Africans and Arabs who cooperate on returning the captives. CSI's efforts resulted in the liberation of over 80,000 slaves.
In 2005, under guidance of the US Government, the North and the South signed a Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) that ended the war and provided for Southern self-determination. The CPA ended the slave raids, but left the fate of those already in bondage unresolved. According to the recent Congressional testimony of CSI's CEO Dr. John Eibner, approximately 35,000 are still serving their masters in parts of Southern Darfur and Kordofan.
In the week prior to the independence, CSI liberated 404 slaves.[11]
July 2011
Yemen
Officially, slavery was abolished back in 1962 but a judge's decision to pass on the title deed of a "slave" from one master to another has blown the lid off the hidden bondage of hundreds of Yemenis.
The judge in the town of Hajja, which is home to some 300 slaves, according to residents, said he had certified the transfer only because the new owner planned to free the slave.
But his decision has triggered a campaign by local human right activists.
A 2009 report by the human rights ministry found that males and females were still enslaved in the provinces of Hudaydah and Hajja, in northwest Yemen -- the Arab world's most impoverished country.
. . .
"We are still in the process of trying to count the numbers of slaves," the coordinator of rights group Hood, Mohammed Naji Allaw, told AFP, explaining that slaves were "owned by title deeds, or inherited within families."
The news website almasdaronline earlier spoke of "500 slaves" across
Yemen.
In addition to "slaves whose owner can use them however he wants," the ministry report also refers to other groups subjected to slave-like conditions, although they are not bound by documents.
One group includes "former slaves who have been officially set free, but remain at the service of their former masters, who continue to feed them but never pay them wages," the report said.
Allaw said such people are still referred to as "the slaves of such and such a family, or the slaves of such and such a tribe."
Enslaved groups are descendants of an empire which ruled Yemen in the 11th and 12th centuries, with their origins in ancient Ethiopia, across the Red Sea from Yemen. They were enslaved after their empire was defeated.[12]
"November 2011
Mauritania
Officially, slavery has long been abolished in Mauritania, but the law has never been enforced and there are an estimated 600,000 slaves, almost one in five of the country's 3.2 million people, almost 150 years since the American civil war.
Change will come too late to heal Mrs Sayed's ruined life. But she knows that victory for Mr Boulkheir could transform the future for the daughter and grandchildren whom she had to leave behind in captivity when she finally summoned the courage to escape.
A black African of Mauritania's Haratine caste, she was born into slavery about 40 years ago - she is illiterate and has only a hazy idea of time - and grew up as the property of an Arabic-speaking Berber family, in an oasis town deep in the desert.
While her master's children went to school, she was cooking, cleaning and washing from dawn to dusk. She slept on the floor, and suffered beatings.
. . .
Slave-holding has been abolished three times, first by the country's former French overlords and then twice by different rulers of the independent state, most recently in 2007. But the law has never been enforced and no slave owner has ever been prosecuted.
. . .
Centuries of indoctrination have persuaded the Sahara's captives that slavery is religiously ordained - slaves are taught that if they run away they will be barred from heaven. As a local saying puts it: "Paradise is under your master's foot." In some remote places a runaway will still be hunted down by nomad masters.
. . .
A Berber driver, who would only give his first name, Mohammed, defended slavery. "It is our religion and custom," he said.
"Why does the international community try to stop it? The slaves are better off with their masters. This is their fate. When they leave, they starve."[7]
July 2009
Pakistan
Officials at the U.S. embassy in Islamabad say at least three landlords have held as many as 170 bonded farmworkers at gunpoint on their estates in the country's southeast Sindh province since late September.
. . .
The crisis began after the workers' advocates successfully petitioned three district courts to declare as illegal the debts that the landlords were using to compel the workers into indentured servitude. Those debts average around 1,000 Pakistani rupees — roughly $12. The hostages, a third of whom are children, some as young as 4 months old, are landless peasants, known as haari in Urdu. According to Ghulam Hyder, a spokesman for Pakistan's Green Rural Development Organization, the landlords have killed one hostage already and are threatening to kill the others unless they drop the cases and return to work.
. . .
A 2004 study by the International Labour Office (ILO) estimated that there are up to a million haari families in Sindh alone, the majority living in conditions of debt bondage, which the U.N. defines as modern-day slavery. Last fall, Pakistan's Daily Times newspaper quoted the labor minister of neighboring Punjab province as saying that landlords hold millions of forced laborers in "private prisons" across the country.
While the nation's 1992 Bonded Labour System Act mandates five-year sentences for violators, Pakistani officials have yet to record a single conviction. "The police are turning a blind eye on the issue," says Hyder[8]
October 2009
Child labour: According to a study by SPARC, most of the child domestic workers in Pakistan are aged between 10-15 years (sometimes five years old children are also employed). In the absence of official statistics, it is impossible to assess the magnitude of bonded labour, but it is estimated that 1.7 million people are engaged in bonded labour in Pakistan.[9]
September 2012
Saudi Arabia
Children between five and 12 years old are sold to wealthy men in Saudi Arabia, where they are held as sex slaves. When they reach maturity, and many are thrown on the street and they end quickly as a prostitute.
Save the Children appeal to the Norwegian and Swedish ministers take up the issue with their Saudi counterparts, and asks private companies to take up the exploitation of children when they hit their business.
- I am not surprised by the information about the existence of such traffic to Saudi Arabia and other countries in the region, particularly in light of [the fact] that marriage with children is widespread and accepted, “said Sannah Johnson, regional director of the Middle East for the Swedish Save the Children.
A well-organized network of traffickers supplying the Arab market with child brides from the North African country of Mauritania, says U.S. diplomats. Retrieved as sex slaves in their thousands from Yemen, in addition to that there is an extensive sex industry in Yemen offering sex with minors to rich men from the Gulf states, the Wikileaks documents and Aftenposten Bergens Tidende has access to.[10]
May 2011
Sudan
"The classification of the conflict as a "holy war" -- a jihad against the Christian South and its allies in the Nuba Mountains - legitimized in the eyes of many Northern Muslims the revival of the centuries-old practice of taking slaves as war booty."
In slave raids on Southern villages, conducted by government-backed Arab militias known as murahaleen, estimated hundreds of thousands of blacks, mostly women and children, were captured, transported to the North and enslaved.
Since 1995, AASG's partner, Christian Solidarity International (CSI), has been working to free Sudan's slaves. The organization provides funds to the indigenous network of Africans and Arabs who cooperate on returning the captives. CSI's efforts resulted in the liberation of over 80,000 slaves.
In 2005, under guidance of the US Government, the North and the South signed a Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) that ended the war and provided for Southern self-determination. The CPA ended the slave raids, but left the fate of those already in bondage unresolved. According to the recent Congressional testimony of CSI's CEO Dr. John Eibner, approximately 35,000 are still serving their masters in parts of Southern Darfur and Kordofan.
In the week prior to the independence, CSI liberated 404 slaves.[11]
July 2011
Yemen
Officially, slavery was abolished back in 1962 but a judge's decision to pass on the title deed of a "slave" from one master to another has blown the lid off the hidden bondage of hundreds of Yemenis.
The judge in the town of Hajja, which is home to some 300 slaves, according to residents, said he had certified the transfer only because the new owner planned to free the slave.
But his decision has triggered a campaign by local human right activists.
A 2009 report by the human rights ministry found that males and females were still enslaved in the provinces of Hudaydah and Hajja, in northwest Yemen -- the Arab world's most impoverished country.
. . .
"We are still in the process of trying to count the numbers of slaves," the coordinator of rights group Hood, Mohammed Naji Allaw, told AFP, explaining that slaves were "owned by title deeds, or inherited within families."
The news website almasdaronline earlier spoke of "500 slaves" across
Yemen.
In addition to "slaves whose owner can use them however he wants," the ministry report also refers to other groups subjected to slave-like conditions, although they are not bound by documents.
One group includes "former slaves who have been officially set free, but remain at the service of their former masters, who continue to feed them but never pay them wages," the report said.
Allaw said such people are still referred to as "the slaves of such and such a family, or the slaves of such and such a tribe."
Enslaved groups are descendants of an empire which ruled Yemen in the 11th and 12th centuries, with their origins in ancient Ethiopia, across the Red Sea from Yemen. They were enslaved after their empire was defeated.[12]
Does this mean I should start asking for reparations from Muslims?
Sure you can ask... good luck on that one!!
I'll tell them it was your idea.
Good idea - I get blamed for a lot of other things... might as well take the heat for that, too... :-)
How memes become propaganda
by Justin King • March 18, 2015
Washington, DC (TFC) – All over Facebook there are pages that masquerade as news sites or political awareness sites that are really just blatant propaganda machines that knowingly post misleading memes and infographics. One such page is “We the People.”
The sample meme chosen stated simply:
“It was Muslims who first took blacks and sold them into slavery.”
Anybody with a basic understanding of history knows this to be untrue. Slavery existed at least as early as 800 BC. That’s about 1400 years before Islam was even founded. It was common place in Rome, and many black North Africans found their way into the arena as gladiators.
The photo was posted along with text which was also filled with intentional inaccuracies. The text will be dissected to show exactly how propaganda works.
The text along with the meme reads:
“Over 28 Million Africans have been enslaved in the Muslim world during the past 14 centuries.
While much has been written concerning the Transatlantic slave trade, surprisingly little attention has been given to the Islamic slave trade across the Sahara, the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. While the European involvement in the Transatlantic slave trade to the Americas lasted for just over three centuries, the Arab involvement in the slave trade has lasted fourteen centuries, and in some parts of the Muslim world is still continuing to this day.”
The first thing to note is that “We the People” aren’t truly to blame, because nobody at the page had anything to do with writing it. It was plagiarized from WikiIslam.net, a site that while purporting to be a resource on Islam is actually an anti-Islamic site. What makes it more entertaining is that WikiIslam copy and pasted the information from another site called Christian Action. It’s a site based in South Africa that hates gays, evolution, Muslims, pornography, atheism, and just about everything else. One of the best headlines from the site is: Obama Administration Begins Training Homosexual Activists Around the World. That headline was directly below a thrilling expose on “How the Pornography Plague Affects You and What You Can Do About It.” Seriously, you can’t make this stuff up.
That brings us to Rule 1 of identifying propaganda: Know the source.
28 million slaves is a huge number, but there’s a reason there is no comparison number for Transatlantic slaves. 12.5 million were taken from Africa and shipped across the Middle Passage in just 300 years by Europeans. In the US, female slaves had 9 children on average. After only one generation, the European slave trade dwarfed 1400 years of Islamic slavery. But who cares about facts, right? Instead in the first paragraph, let’s focus on a common propaganda tool: mixed comparisons. Notice that the post limits the discussion of European involvement in the slave trade to only the Transatlantic section, while discussing all of Islamic history. Why was this done? If the writer didn’t limit European involvement to the Transatlantic period, it would be revealed that European involvement in slavery is twice as long as Islam’s and has lasted more than 2800 years.
Rule 2: Watch for mixed comparisons.
Also, note that it states “in some parts of the Muslim world [slavery] is still continuing today. This is very true. It’s also true of the Christian world, the Hindu world, and just about every other division imaginable. There are 60,000 slaves in the US. This is a glass-house attack. In propaganda, it’s where you accuse your opposition of doing something you do yourself. “Those in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones.”
“A comparison of the Muslim slave trade to the American slave trade reveals some interesting contrasts. While two out of every three slaves shipped across the Atlantic were men, the proportions were reversed in the Muslim slave trade. Two women for every man were enslaved by the Muslims.
While the mortality rate for slaves being transported across the Atlantic was as high as 10%, the percentage of slaves dying in transit in the Transsahara and East African slave trade was between 80 and 90%!”
Keep in mind that our propagandist has limited the scope. Because if the entirety of Europe’s slave trading history was examined, we would find that for hundreds of years African women were exported to Europe to serve as sexual objects.
The mortality rate figures are obviously skewed, and since they were skewed using propaganda techniques we will discuss them. The writer says death rates were “as high as 10%,” while simultaneously limiting the conversation to those that died on the boat “being transported across the Atlantic.” First, the numbers are between 10% and 15% in the 1800s and around 25% in the 1600s and 1700s. Second, when you include the march to the coast the figure shoots up to somewhere between 45% and 70%. These figures were obtained by using slave ship logs.
http://thefifthcolumnnews.com/2015/03/how-memes-become-propaganda-2/
by Justin King • March 18, 2015
Washington, DC (TFC) – All over Facebook there are pages that masquerade as news sites or political awareness sites that are really just blatant propaganda machines that knowingly post misleading memes and infographics. One such page is “We the People.”
The sample meme chosen stated simply:
“It was Muslims who first took blacks and sold them into slavery.”
Anybody with a basic understanding of history knows this to be untrue. Slavery existed at least as early as 800 BC. That’s about 1400 years before Islam was even founded. It was common place in Rome, and many black North Africans found their way into the arena as gladiators.
The photo was posted along with text which was also filled with intentional inaccuracies. The text will be dissected to show exactly how propaganda works.
The text along with the meme reads:
“Over 28 Million Africans have been enslaved in the Muslim world during the past 14 centuries.
While much has been written concerning the Transatlantic slave trade, surprisingly little attention has been given to the Islamic slave trade across the Sahara, the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. While the European involvement in the Transatlantic slave trade to the Americas lasted for just over three centuries, the Arab involvement in the slave trade has lasted fourteen centuries, and in some parts of the Muslim world is still continuing to this day.”
The first thing to note is that “We the People” aren’t truly to blame, because nobody at the page had anything to do with writing it. It was plagiarized from WikiIslam.net, a site that while purporting to be a resource on Islam is actually an anti-Islamic site. What makes it more entertaining is that WikiIslam copy and pasted the information from another site called Christian Action. It’s a site based in South Africa that hates gays, evolution, Muslims, pornography, atheism, and just about everything else. One of the best headlines from the site is: Obama Administration Begins Training Homosexual Activists Around the World. That headline was directly below a thrilling expose on “How the Pornography Plague Affects You and What You Can Do About It.” Seriously, you can’t make this stuff up.
That brings us to Rule 1 of identifying propaganda: Know the source.
28 million slaves is a huge number, but there’s a reason there is no comparison number for Transatlantic slaves. 12.5 million were taken from Africa and shipped across the Middle Passage in just 300 years by Europeans. In the US, female slaves had 9 children on average. After only one generation, the European slave trade dwarfed 1400 years of Islamic slavery. But who cares about facts, right? Instead in the first paragraph, let’s focus on a common propaganda tool: mixed comparisons. Notice that the post limits the discussion of European involvement in the slave trade to only the Transatlantic section, while discussing all of Islamic history. Why was this done? If the writer didn’t limit European involvement to the Transatlantic period, it would be revealed that European involvement in slavery is twice as long as Islam’s and has lasted more than 2800 years.
Rule 2: Watch for mixed comparisons.
Also, note that it states “in some parts of the Muslim world [slavery] is still continuing today. This is very true. It’s also true of the Christian world, the Hindu world, and just about every other division imaginable. There are 60,000 slaves in the US. This is a glass-house attack. In propaganda, it’s where you accuse your opposition of doing something you do yourself. “Those in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones.”
“A comparison of the Muslim slave trade to the American slave trade reveals some interesting contrasts. While two out of every three slaves shipped across the Atlantic were men, the proportions were reversed in the Muslim slave trade. Two women for every man were enslaved by the Muslims.
While the mortality rate for slaves being transported across the Atlantic was as high as 10%, the percentage of slaves dying in transit in the Transsahara and East African slave trade was between 80 and 90%!”
Keep in mind that our propagandist has limited the scope. Because if the entirety of Europe’s slave trading history was examined, we would find that for hundreds of years African women were exported to Europe to serve as sexual objects.
The mortality rate figures are obviously skewed, and since they were skewed using propaganda techniques we will discuss them. The writer says death rates were “as high as 10%,” while simultaneously limiting the conversation to those that died on the boat “being transported across the Atlantic.” First, the numbers are between 10% and 15% in the 1800s and around 25% in the 1600s and 1700s. Second, when you include the march to the coast the figure shoots up to somewhere between 45% and 70%. These figures were obtained by using slave ship logs.
http://thefifthcolumnnews.com/2015/03/how-memes-become-propaganda-2/
PART 2
As far as the claim of up to 90% mortality rates for Arab bound slaves, while there are dozens of sites using the figure, not one sources it. Given that the over land portion of the trip inflicted the highest mortality rate on US-bound slaves, it is possible. It should be noted though that these figures are irrelevant to Islam because for most of the 1400 years under examination slaves coming out of Africa were transported by non-Muslims. The slaves were more often than not prisoners captured during tribal warfare.
This is another example of mixed comparisons.
“While almost all the slaves shipped across the Atlantic were for agricultural work, most of the slaves destined for the Muslim Middle East were for sexual exploitation as concubines, in harems, and for military service.”
Proclaiming the sexual misdeeds of the enemy is a standard propaganda practice. In fact, an unknown German propagandist once said, “It’s not good propaganda until your people know the enemy will rape their women.”
Remember that Europeans engaged in the exact same practice of sexual slavery, but the propagandists has cleverly excluded that period of time from the discussion.
“While many children were born to slaves in the Americas, and millions of their descendants are citizens in Brazil and the USA to this day, very few descendants of the slaves that ended up in the Middle East survive.
While most slaves who went to the Americas could marry and have families, most of the male slaves destined for the Middle East were castrated, and most of the children born to the women were killed at birth.”
The historical accuracy of this section is whimsical. Slaves might marry in an unofficial ceremony, but later they were auctioned off and sent to different plantations. The National Humanities Center has this to say on the subject:
“Enslaved people could not legally marry in any American colony or state. Colonial and state laws considered them property and commodities, not legal persons who could enter into contracts, and marriage was, and is, very much a legal contract.”
Breeding was encouraged in the Americas but not because of any belief in family, but because it created more property.
“Slavery has been justified by Mohammed’s example, as laid out in the Koran and in the records of the Islamic prophet’s words and deeds called the “hadiths.” In addition, Mohammed’s father was named by what has become a common Muslim appellation, Abd-Allah or Abdullah, which means “Slave of Allah,” a moniker proudly worn by millions of Muslims. Islam itself means “submission,” as in being a slave to Allah’s will.
“A believing slave is better than an idolater…”
Muhammad, Quran 2:221”
There were dozens of quotes from the Quran following this one. Most were taken out of context as much as the one above. The above citation is basically saying that it is better to marry a slave that is a Muslim than a non-Muslim.
There were no quotes from the Bible justifying slavery presented. Here’s one example that could have been presented:
However, you may purchase male or female slaves from among the foreigners who live among you. You may also purchase the children of such resident foreigners, including those who have been born in your land. You may treat them as your property, passing them on to your children as a permanent inheritance. You may treat your slaves like this, but the people of Israel, your relatives, must never be treated this way. (Leviticus 25:44-46 NLT)
There are whole blogs dedicated to talking about the passages of the Bible used by slaveowners to justify slavery.
So it’s clear that this was blatantly racist propaganda, but maybe it was just an accident. How do we know that the page knowingly spread false information? Two journalists from The Fifth Column contacted the page to address the inaccuracies. Both had their comments deleted and were banned.
The key thing to remember is that you should never trust a meme. 97% of statistics are made up on the spot (including that one). If it isn’t sourced, it isn’t real.
On a more personal note, how messed up does a person have to be to try to explain who made the better slave owners? Slavery is bad. End of story. There is no “good” slave owner. Ever.
http://thefifthcolumnnews.com/2015/03/how-memes-become-propaganda-2/
As far as the claim of up to 90% mortality rates for Arab bound slaves, while there are dozens of sites using the figure, not one sources it. Given that the over land portion of the trip inflicted the highest mortality rate on US-bound slaves, it is possible. It should be noted though that these figures are irrelevant to Islam because for most of the 1400 years under examination slaves coming out of Africa were transported by non-Muslims. The slaves were more often than not prisoners captured during tribal warfare.
This is another example of mixed comparisons.
“While almost all the slaves shipped across the Atlantic were for agricultural work, most of the slaves destined for the Muslim Middle East were for sexual exploitation as concubines, in harems, and for military service.”
Proclaiming the sexual misdeeds of the enemy is a standard propaganda practice. In fact, an unknown German propagandist once said, “It’s not good propaganda until your people know the enemy will rape their women.”
Remember that Europeans engaged in the exact same practice of sexual slavery, but the propagandists has cleverly excluded that period of time from the discussion.
“While many children were born to slaves in the Americas, and millions of their descendants are citizens in Brazil and the USA to this day, very few descendants of the slaves that ended up in the Middle East survive.
While most slaves who went to the Americas could marry and have families, most of the male slaves destined for the Middle East were castrated, and most of the children born to the women were killed at birth.”
The historical accuracy of this section is whimsical. Slaves might marry in an unofficial ceremony, but later they were auctioned off and sent to different plantations. The National Humanities Center has this to say on the subject:
“Enslaved people could not legally marry in any American colony or state. Colonial and state laws considered them property and commodities, not legal persons who could enter into contracts, and marriage was, and is, very much a legal contract.”
Breeding was encouraged in the Americas but not because of any belief in family, but because it created more property.
“Slavery has been justified by Mohammed’s example, as laid out in the Koran and in the records of the Islamic prophet’s words and deeds called the “hadiths.” In addition, Mohammed’s father was named by what has become a common Muslim appellation, Abd-Allah or Abdullah, which means “Slave of Allah,” a moniker proudly worn by millions of Muslims. Islam itself means “submission,” as in being a slave to Allah’s will.
“A believing slave is better than an idolater…”
Muhammad, Quran 2:221”
There were dozens of quotes from the Quran following this one. Most were taken out of context as much as the one above. The above citation is basically saying that it is better to marry a slave that is a Muslim than a non-Muslim.
There were no quotes from the Bible justifying slavery presented. Here’s one example that could have been presented:
However, you may purchase male or female slaves from among the foreigners who live among you. You may also purchase the children of such resident foreigners, including those who have been born in your land. You may treat them as your property, passing them on to your children as a permanent inheritance. You may treat your slaves like this, but the people of Israel, your relatives, must never be treated this way. (Leviticus 25:44-46 NLT)
There are whole blogs dedicated to talking about the passages of the Bible used by slaveowners to justify slavery.
So it’s clear that this was blatantly racist propaganda, but maybe it was just an accident. How do we know that the page knowingly spread false information? Two journalists from The Fifth Column contacted the page to address the inaccuracies. Both had their comments deleted and were banned.
The key thing to remember is that you should never trust a meme. 97% of statistics are made up on the spot (including that one). If it isn’t sourced, it isn’t real.
On a more personal note, how messed up does a person have to be to try to explain who made the better slave owners? Slavery is bad. End of story. There is no “good” slave owner. Ever.
http://thefifthcolumnnews.com/2015/03/how-memes-become-propaganda-2/
Be careful about what you read on wikipedia.
My understanding is that some black tribes in Africa were kidnapping others and forcing them into slavery centuries ago.
The Islamic traders did what traders do, they bought and sold many things including slaves.
Personally, I think we should all be concerned about slavery that is happening NOW,
http://www.ctvnews.ca/world/burmese-migrant-fisherman-rescued-from-slave-ship-conditions-1.2312329
My understanding is that some black tribes in Africa were kidnapping others and forcing them into slavery centuries ago.
The Islamic traders did what traders do, they bought and sold many things including slaves.
Personally, I think we should all be concerned about slavery that is happening NOW,
http://www.ctvnews.ca/world/burmese-migrant-fisherman-rescued-from-slave-ship-conditions-1.2312329
I get it... it's okay for everyone else to use wikipedia, but not me... I'm right on that... I just happened to run across that and threw it out for discussion... I'll know better than to use that source from now on and I'll be sure to warn others who use it as well... thank you.
http://wikiislam.net is not affiliated in any way with Wikipedia. It wants you to think it is but research reveals that it is not and that unlike Wikipedia the site is not open to editing and/or criticism or comment. It is essentially an anti-Muslim website.
Good catch, thanks for pointing that out.
Sneaky of them.
Sneaky of them.
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