technical summary of EEG tracing

the patient is asleep at the start of the recording. stage II sleep is reached with formation of sleep spindles and sleep sharp transients. in sleep, the background activity is of 3-4 Hz theta activity. significant even at the start of this recording is the presence of generalized spike and wave discharges. these discharges appeared frequently in this short sleep recording. as the recording progresses, sharp and wave discharges are likewise seen over both frontal areas. no clinical correlates are seen to all of these discharges. the patient remains in the slee state for the majority of the recording and awakens near the end. in the awake state, the background activity is of 8-11 Hz alpha activity. the alpha is reactive to eye opening and closing.
photic stimulation recording done at different flash rates is covered by artifacts.
hyperventilation is not done.
EKG monitoring reveals a sinus arrhytmia  at 90/min.

EEG Classification: Abnormal Significance III
1. spike  and wave discharges - generalized
2. sharp and wave discharges - focal, bilateral frontal areas

EEG INTERPRETATION
this EEG recording is abnormal showing generalized as well as focal epileptiform discharges over both frontal areas. the awake background activity is normal for the age.


this is the result of the EEG of my 4 years old son. please explain to me whats meaning of all the findings. thank you.