Liver failure in the
newbornNewborn jaundice period can have many causes, including infection by either bacteria or viruses (enterovirus and herpes simplex being the most common viral causes), inborn errors of metabolism (galactosemia, organic acidemias, amino acidemia, storage disorders, bile acid disorder), hemochromatosis (iron storage disorder), and drug toxicity. This list is not exhaustive.
The evaluation for any of these disorders depends upon the history of the current illness as well as the physical exam, laboratory, and imaging studies that are first obtained. The progress of the disease as well as the current findings help the healthcare team decide how to proceed given the many possible pathways that can be pursued.
The parents should have open discussions with the Neonatologist or Pediatrician about what the baby's current status and how the healthcare team plans to proceed.